With CNOOC on board, China's Big Oil gears up for long-term carbon fight - S&P Global

Highlights

CNOOC kicks-off carbon strategy planning in end-Jan

Among first importers of carbon-neutral LNG cargoes

Has lowest carbon footprint of 3 Chinese NOCs: Goldman Sachs

Singapore — China's state-run China National Offshore Oil Corp., or CNOOC, began planning its roadmap for reaching its carbon emissions peak and to achieve carbon neutrality in a high-level meeting in end-January, in line with the central government's net zero carbon emissions plan by 2060.

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The initiative makes CNOOC the last of three Chinese national oil companies to kick-off its long-term plan to mitigate carbon emissions, as its two larger peers Petrochina and Sinopec have already made similar announcements in recent weeks.

The NOCs are yet to put together a firm plan, but similar moves have also been made in the power sector with generation utilities like China's State Power Investment Corp looking at emissions targets, indicating a coordinated push among state-owned corporations.

CNOOC's participation is key because it is the country's single-largest LNG importer and has the highest percentage of its portfolio located overseas out of all the three NOCs. It was also one of the first companies globally to import carbon-neutral LNG cargoes.

"The top-level design research and action plan preparation fully prepares the company to become a new force for energy green and low-carbon transformation and will help realize the goal of "Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality," CNOOC said in a statement Jan. 29.

CNOOC Party Secretary and Chairman Wang Dongjin recommended that the company's carbon strategy should first look at stabilizing the oil and gas business, allowing it to consolidate the foundation for future transformation and development.

This will include implementing its current seven-year action plan for increasing domestic oil and gas reserves and production, speed up unconventional oil and gas output, accelerate the development of natural gas, and construct a full-fledged LNG supply chain.

This can then be followed by the development of new energy and new industries, development of offshore wind, and low-carbon transformation, he added.

DECARBONIZING UPSTREAM & LNG

In November 2020, Goldman Sachs initiated coverage of China's NOCs with a buy rating on CNOOC, saying that while the Chinese NOCs lagged European big oil in diversification toward renewables, CNOOC's upstream Scope 1 & 2 carbon emissions were more than 30% below the median carbon intensity of the global oil majors.

Scope 1 emissions are defined as direct emissions from company-owned or controlled sources, and Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions from sources like purchased energy or electricity bought from a utility. A third category of Scope 3 emissions are from indirect sources not controlled by a company.

Out of the three Chinese NOCs, CNOOC had stronger profitability and was best positioned to absorb the impact of higher carbon costs even when compared to the top international oil companies, the brokerage said.

As of 2019, 67% of CNOOC's net oil and gas production came from China, around 5% from Europe and 12% from North America, with a relatively higher portion from overseas compared to PetroChina and Sinopec, according to Goldman Sachs data.

Additionally, it said CNOOC had a lower production cost of $35/barrels of oil equivalent Brent-equivalent compared with PetroChina and Sinopec at about $55/boe, mainly due to more offshore operations where technology has made oil recovery more economical, while PetroChina and Sinopec mostly own onshore conventional oil fields.

CNOOC also has the largest number of LNG importing contracts among the NOCs, from projects such as Australia's North West Shelf and QCLNG, suppliers in Indonesia, Malaysia and Qatar, and portfolio players.

These characteristics of its upstream profile will factor heavily into its decarbonization plan, especially when carbon-intensive sectors are subjected to carbon taxes at a national level.

For instance, CNOOC was one of the first countries to import carbon neutral LNG. In June 2020, CNOOC Gas & Power Group signed an agreement with Shell Eastern Trading for delivery of its first two carbon neutral LNG cargoes to the Chinese mainland.

In September 2020, France's Total delivered its first shipment of carbon neutral LNG to CNOOC, from Ichthys LNG in Australia to the Dapeng terminal in China.

These cargoes were unique because they offset CO2 emissions for the whole life cycle of the LNG cargo including production, liquefaction, shipping, regasification, and end-use.

They have paved the way for long-term carbon neutral LNG contracts, and market sources indicated that discussions were already in progress, as heavy industries like power generation, heating, transportation, manufacturing, construction and steel come under increasing pressure to decarbonize their fuel supply chains, controlled by the likes of CNOOC, Sinopec and PetroChina.

China's decarbonization campaign may even be disruptive to the commodity markets over the next one to three years if it turns out to be a replay of the 2017-19 'war on air pollution', where energy-intensive sectors were subject to major cost hikes and administrative shutdowns, Citi Research said in its 2021 energy outlook.

Here is a list of CNOOC's main LNG assets -

Liquefaction Plants (Current/Planned)

Country

Project

Year

Capacity (mil mt/yr)

Project partners

Indonesia

Tangguh LNG T1

2009

3.8

BP*; CNOOC; JOGMEC; Mitsubishi Corp; Inpex; JX Nippon Oil and Gas; Sojitz; Sumitomo; Mitsui

Indonesia

Tangguh LNG T2

2010

3.8

BP*; CNOOC; JOGMEC; Mitsubishi Corp; Inpex; JX Nippon Oil and Gas; Sojitz; Sumitomo; Mitsui

Australia

Queensland Curtis LNG T1-2

2015

8.5

Shell* ; CNOOC ConocoPhillips

Indonesia

Tangguh LNG T3

2021

3.8

BP*; CNOOC; JOGMEC; Mitsubishi Corp; Inpex; JX Nippon Oil and Gas; Sojitz; Sumitomo; Mitsui

Russia

Arctic LNG 2 T1

2024

6.6

Novatek*; CNOOC; CNPC; Total; JOGMEC; Mitsui

Russia

Arctic LNG 2 T2-3

2025

13.2

Novatek*; CNOOC; CNPC; Total; JOGMEC; Mitsui

LNG Receiving Terminals (Current/Planned)

Name

Year

Capacity (mil mt/yr)

Project partners

Guangdong Dapeng LNG

2006

6.8

Local Company (37%); CNOOC (33%); BP (30%)

Shanghai LNG

2009

3

Shenergy Group (55%); CNOOC (45%);

Fujian LNG

2009

5.2

CNOOC (60%); Fujian Investment and Development Co (40%);

Zhejiang Ningbo LNG

2012

3

CNOOC (51%); Zhejiang Energy Company (29%); Ningbo Power -20%

Zhuhai LNG

2013

3.5

CNOOC (30%); Guangdong Gas (25%); Guangdong Yuedian (25%); Local companies (20%);

Hainan LNG

2014

4.32

CNOOC (65%); Hainan Developing Holding (35%);

Jieyang LNG (Yuedong)

2017

2

CNOOC (100%);

Tianjin (CNOOC)

2018

3.5

CNOOC (100%);

Diefu LNG (Shenzhen)

2018

4

CNOOC (70%); Shenzhen Energy Group (30%);

Tianjin FSRU - Hoegh Esperanza

2018

6

CNOOC (100%), FSRU: Hoegh LNG (100%)

Fangchenggang LNG

2019

0.6

CNOOC (100%);

Binhai LNG

2021

3

CNOOC (100%);

Zhangzhou LNG

2022

3

CNOOC (60%); Fujian Investment and Development Co (40%);

LNG Contracts

Load port

Project / supplier

Capacity (mil mt/yr)

Duration

Mozambique LNG

Mozambique LNG1 Co.

1.5

Expected in 2024/2025 (13yrs)

Ras Laffan

Qatargas III

2

2011/2035 DES

Curtis Island

QCLNG

3.6

2014/2034 DES

Tangguh

Tangguh PSC

2.6

2009/2033 FOB

Bintulu

Malaysia LNG Tiga

3

2009/2029 DES

Australia/USA

Shell

5

2015/2035 DES

Portfolio

Total

1-1.5

2010/2029 DES

*Indicates project operator

Note: List is not exhaustive

Sources: IGU, GIIGNL

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